Device for refining and coking oil.



v A. DEAN.

DEVICE FOR REFINING AND OOKING OIL. APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1912.

2 SHEETSBHEET 1.

44 3 1% y 5+ M F 1 Patented Feb. 13, 19135 A. DEAN.

nnvmr: EOE REFINING, AND 001mm 01L.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26, 1912. 1,053,282.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.,

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Drew/0, 7 arm/M W m? Mai/2695a? ALEXANDER DEAN, or Los ANGELES,CALIFORNIA.

\ DEVICE FOR REFINING AND GOKING OIL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 18,1913.

Application filed May 25, 1912. Serial 1i'o. 699,656.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALnxANnnn DEAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los An eles, in the county of Los Angeles, State ofaalifornia, have invent-ed new and useful Improvements in Devices forRefining and Coking Oil, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus in which ordinary crude oil maybe fefined separated by distillation into its various componentsand theresidue formed into commercial coke; and the chief object of theinvention is the provision of a suitable apparatus which will carry onsuch process in a simple commercially workable manner, and whichprovides for the carrying on of other and subsidiary operations, such asthe smelting of black-sand iron or other ore.

My apparatus consists in suitable furnaces aving primary and secondarystills arranged thereabove; and there are certain spaces directly aboveand also within the' combustion chambers of the furnaces where a hightemperature may be obtained for the final coking of my product and formelting and reducing ores under conditions similar to those in areverberatoiy furnace. My process, as carried out in this apparatus,consists in first passing the crude oil into the upper or primary still,where it is heated and the lighter distillation products given oil theresidue is then passed into the secondary stills and the heavierdistillation products driven off. The residue'of the sec ondary stillsmay be of a consistency varying betweenv heavy pitch and an almost solidcoke-like substance. This residue is removed from the secondary stillsby a device of my own invention and is put into coking boxes of peculiardesign. These coking boxes are then placed in the coking compartment ofthe furnace and the gases driven off add their fuel values to the furnace fuel. When the residue has beenthoroughly coked the boxes areremoved from the furnace; and these boxes are of a construction to beeasily 0 ened out so thacthe coke may be removed therefrom withoutdifliculty. The object and result of thisarrangement is to handle theresidue in an efiioient manner. The residue is taken from the secondarystills while semi-liquid (thus obviating any necessity-of breaking upthe solid deposit which commonly collects in stills), and the cokingoperation in the boxes lat-ion outlet heavy residue from the secondarystills.

Fig. 4 is a section taken as indicated byline 44 of Fig. 2. Figs. 5 and6 are details illustrating the preferred construction of my cokingboxes.

In the drawings 10 designates a' suitable brickwork or other structurewhich incloses the various compartments of my apparatus. I providelowermost reverbcratory furnace compartment 11, in which I may placesuitable ore boxes 12. Immediately above compartment 11 I arrangesuitable coking compartments 13 in which coking boxes 14 are causes theformation of coke in lump or placed with their heavy residues. Abovecoking compartment 13 the longitudinal These secondary stills haveremovable covers or heads 16 on their forward ends and have distillationoutlets 17 leading toa manifold pipe 18, through which outletsand pipethe distillation products find exit to suitable condensing apparatus. 19are arranged above the spaces between the secondary stills 15, and openspaces or passages 20 serve to conduct the heated gases of combustioninto contact with the primary stills; but it is an object of myconstruction that the primary stills be heated to a temperature lowerthan that to which the'secondary stills are heated. Dampers20 areprovided for more or less cutting off the pas sage of flame and heatedgases through the passages 20. The primary stills have distilpipes 21leading to a suitable manifold 22. Outlet pipes 17 and 21 are eachindividually controlled by a valve 23 or 24.. Each of the primary stillsis provided with inlet means 25; and each primary still has a valvecontrolled connection 26 to two adjacentsecondarv stills 15. Eachprimary and secondary st ll has a valve controlled outlet 27 throughwhich samples of the interior contents may be drawn from time to timeand through which emptied if desired.

the stills may be horizontal secondary stills 15 are arranged.

Along the front of my apparatus I preferably provide a movable car 30 onwhich a coking box is may be carried to a position put directl into thebox; as when it is first mixed wit 1. ore, the ore and residue beingthen put into the furnace and the ore there by reduced). The movable car30 facilitates this coke handling operation. A suit: able'burner,preferably using crude oil, is

- shown M135; and the flame from this burner will be projectedrearwardly through the combustion chamber 11 and the'heated gases ofcombustion will rise through passage 11 up into the coking chamber 13.-The coking boxes 14 are arranged so that they bridge portions of theopening l1), and are thereby more or less directly exposed to the heatin the combustion chamber.

For removing the heavy residuefrom the *secondary stills .15, I employ anovel apparatus which cuts'and forces the material from the stillf Iutilize :1 preferably ci'rcu-- lar cutter ill'having cutting members 41which rotatably scrape the interior surface of the still so that theresidue is cleanlyremoved therefrom. A shaft 42 extends longitudinallythrough the still from its forward end, the cutter being normally at therear end of'the still. At its forward "end the shaft 42'connects, bymeans of a releasable socket 43, to a screw shaft as which is operatedby a suitable gearing and power device 45 mounted on a truck -16 movablealong a track at to a position in front of any of the secondary stills.A re leasable anchor device 48 provides for se curely holding the truckin position before any of the secondary stills. The screw shaft 44 has akeyway 50 which is engaged by a key 51in the hub of a gear 52. Gear 52meshes with a gear 53 loosely mounted on shaft 54 of motor 55. Anothergeared engages the screw theads of shaft 44-11; and this gear mesheswith a gear, 57 also loosely mounted on shaft 54. Either of gears 53 or57 "maybe connected with the motor shaft through the medium of asuitable clutch mechanism 58. It will be seen' thaticonnectingt-he gear53 with the motor shaft will cause the rotation of screw shaft 44 and ofcutter 40; while the. connection of gear 57 with the motor shaft willcause the 1ongitudinal movement of the cutter 40. Thus, the cutter maybe rotated to cut the material from the walls of the secondary. stillsand may be moved longitudinally to move the material out of the stilland into the coking boxes.

The construction of thecoking boxes is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. I employa suitable base plate on which vertical side plates 61 are mounted.These side plates have prongs 62 which project through openings (33 inthe base plate and thus hold the lower ends of the side plates 61 inposition. The upper-ends of the side plates are held together by meansof a. loose band 64: resting on ledges 65 on the side plates A perforated cover 66'is provided, the perforations allowing the passage ofgases from the material in the coking boxes.

In the operation of my device I first plac within the primary still asuitable quantity of crude oil, filling the stills approximately to twothirds of their capacities. When the lighter distillation product hasbeen vaporized and driven oil, and the specific gravity of the residuein the still correspondingly increased, the residue is then passed intothe lower or secondary stills. The heavier distillation products arethere driven oil until the residue is of very heavy consist-- ency. Thisresidue is then removed from the secondary still as hereinbeforedescribed and placed in the coking boxes. The coking boxes are placed inthe coking compartment; and the gases given off add to the fuel fromfurnace 35. lVhcn the coking operation is completed the boxes arewithdrawn and the tops 66 and the bandsti removed, when the sides may belaid outwardly-and downwardly and the coke easily removed from the boxin lump or cake form-which form is commercially most desired.

I may mention here that I may use the heavy residue from the secondarystills as a binder, flux or reducing agent for ore which I may melt orreduce in the box 12. This operation may be carried on continu ouslyalong with the others described; it be ing understood that the operationof my apparatus is continuous, the stills being preferably charged inrotation rather than simultaneously. r

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In combination, afurnace structure having a suitable coking chambertherein, a still arranged above the coking chamber, and a movable cokingbox adapted to receive the residue from the still and-to be and placingit in tliecoking box.

3. In combination, a furnace structure having a combustion chamber and acoking chamber above said combustion chamber 7 place it in the cokingbox.

4. In combination, a furnace structure having a combustion chamber andacoking chamber above said combustion chamber with a passage between thetwo, a still arranged above the coking" chamber over the passageleading'thereto, means for carrying the coking box to a position before thestill, and means for removing distillation residue from the still intothe coking box.

5. In combination, a furnace structure having a combustion chamber and acoking chamber above said combustion chamber with a passage between thetwo, primary and secondary stills arranged above the coking chamber,vapor outlets from said stills, connecting means between said primaryand secondary stills, adapted for placement in the coking compartment,means for carrying said boxes collapsible coking boxes to a position infront of and below the secondary still, and means for removing distillation residue from said secondary still into said box.

having a suitable coking chamber therein, a still arranged to be heatedby said furnace, and a disjointable container adapted to receive theresidue from the still and to be placed in the coking chamber.

7. In combination, a furnace having a combustion chamber and a suitableheating compartment directly connected therewith, me still arranged tobe heated by said furnace, and a container adapted to receive theresidue from the still and to be placed in 'said heating chamber.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have. hereunto-subscribed myname this 16th day of May 1912.

. ALEXANDER DEAN.

Witnesses:

JAMES T'. BARKELEW, Enwoon H. BARKELEW.

6. In combination, a furnace structure

